Teredolites clavatus is described from log fragments preserved in carbonate concretions in the Oxfordian (Upper Jurassic) Jagua Formation in western Cuba. The trace fossils are interpreted as borings produced by marine bivalves inhabiting floating wood substrates, probably pholadids belonging to the subfamily Martesiinae. This report constitutes one of the few known occurrences of the ichnogenus in the Jurassic and contributes to a better knowledge of the early history and evolution of wood-boring behavior in bivalves.